S u m m a r y : The unknown soft parts of fossil ectocochleate Cephalopods have been
 discovered by studying X-ray photographs of Cephalopods from the Middle  Devonian
 Wissenbacher Schiefer (Western Germany).  A report of the first observations is given,
 especially concerning the morphology and anatomy of these soft parts. The significance
 of the new observations  for the major classification of the Cephalopods is discussed.